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What you should be able to do
- Calculate percentages, percentage increase and decrease
- Divide quantities in a given ratio
- Solve direct and inverse proportion problems
Study notes
A percentage is a fraction out of 100. To find a percentage of a quantity, multiply the quantity by the percentage over 100. Percentage change is (change ÷ original) × 100 — always over the ORIGINAL value, a common trap. A ratio compares quantities of the same kind; to share an amount in a ratio, add the parts to get the total number of shares, then give each side its share of the amount. In direct proportion two quantities rise together; in inverse proportion one rises as the other falls, so their product stays constant.
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Source: JAMB UTME Mathematics syllabus. Type: official. Last checked: 2026-09-17. Practice questions are original Belmadeng material.