Co-ordination and control

Contents & notes: what this topic covers

Under Co-ordination and control, the JAMB Biology syllabus expects you to study:

• 9. Co-ordination and control a. Nervous coordination: i. the components, structure and functions of the central nervous system ii. The components and functions of the peripheral nervous system iii. Mechanism of transmission of impulses iv. Reflex action b. The sense organs i. Skin (tactile) ii. Nose (olfactory) iii. Tongue (taste) iv. Eye (sight) v. Ear (auditory) c. Hormonal control i. animal hormonal system (Pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal gland, pancreas, gonads) ii. Plant hormones (phytohormones) d. Homeostasis i. Body temperature regulation ii. Salt and water regulation C TOPICS / CONTENTS / NOTES

Study notes & guidance

Study Co-ordination and control using a recommended Biology textbook that follows the JAMB syllabus. Work through the contents listed above one by one, make brief notes in your own words, and then practise as many questions on this topic as you can — in Biology, understanding and steady practice matter far more than memorising. Use the objectives below as a checklist: if you can do each one confidently, you have mastered this topic.

Objectives — candidates should be able to

After studying Co-ordination and control, you should be able to:

1. Apply the knowledge of the structure and function of the central nervous system in the coordination of body functions in organisms.
2. Illustrate reflex actions such as blinking of the eyes, knee jerk etc.
3. Differentiate between reflex and voluntary actions as well as conditioned reflexes such as salivation, riding a bicycle and swimming.
4. Relate the listed sense organs with their functions.
5. Apply the knowledge of the structure and functions of these sense organs in detecting and correcting their defects.
6. State the location of the listed endocrine glands in animals.
7. Relate the hormone produced by each of these glands to their functions.
8. Examine the effects of various phytohormones (e.g., auxins, gibberellin, cytokinin, and ethylene) on growth, tropism, flowering, fruit ripening and leaf abscission.
9. Relate the function of hormones in homeostasis. : ECOLOGY OBJECTIVES

These objectives are from the official JAMB syllabus. Use them as a checklist — if you can do each one confidently, you have mastered this topic.

Source: official JAMB UTME Biology syllabus (IBASS, jamb.gov.ng). Reproduced for study use. Last checked: 17 Sept 2026. Always confirm the current syllabus on the official portal.