Evolution among the following

Contents & notes: what this topic covers

Under Evolution among the following, the JAMB Biology syllabus expects you to study:

• 2. Evolution among the following: a. Monera (prokaryotes), e.g. bacteria and blue green algae.
• b. Protista (protozoans and protophyta), e.g. Amoeba, Euglena and Paramecium.
• c. Fungi, e.g. mushroom and Rhizopus.
• d. Plantae (plants) i. Thallophyta (e.g. Spirogyra).
• ii. Bryophyta (mosses and liveworts) e.g.
• Brachmenium and Merchantia.
• iii. Pteridophyta (ferns) e.g. Dryopteris.
• iv. Spermatophyta (Gymnospermae and Angiospermae) - Gymnosperms e.g. Cycads and conifers.
• - Angiosperms (monocots, e.g. maize; dicots, e.g. water leaf) v. Plants classified on the span of their life cycles.
• e. Animalia (animals) Candid i. Invertebrates - coelenterate e.g. Hydra i. tra - Platyhelminthes flatworms e.g. Taenia ii. de - Nematoda (roundworms) i - Annelida e.g. earthworm iii. a - Arthropoda e.g. mosquito, cockroach, iv. cl housefly, bee, butterfly - Mollusca e.g. snails ii. Multicellular animals (vertebrates) v. tr - pisces (cartilaginous and bony fish) - Amphibia e.g. toads and frogs vi. d - Reptilia e.g. lizards, snakes and turtles - Aves (birds) - Mammalia (mammals)

Study notes & guidance

Study Evolution among the following using a recommended Biology textbook that follows the JAMB syllabus. Work through the contents listed above one by one, make brief notes in your own words, and then practise as many questions on this topic as you can — in Biology, understanding and steady practice matter far more than memorising. Use the objectives below as a checklist: if you can do each one confidently, you have mastered this topic.

Objectives — candidates should be able to

After studying Evolution among the following, you should be able to:

1. Analyse external features and characteristics of the listed organisms.
2. Apply the knowledge from (i) above to demonstrate increase in structural complexity.
3. Trace the stages in the life histories of the listed organisms.
4. Apply the knowledge of the life histories to demonstrate gradual transition from life in water to life on land.
5. Trace the evolution of the listed plants. ates should be able to: ce the advancement of the invertebrate animals. termine the economic importance of the nsects studied. ssess their values to the environment. assify plants into animals, biennials and perennials ace the advancement of multi-cellular animals. etermine their economic importance.

These objectives are from the official JAMB syllabus. Use them as a checklist — if you can do each one confidently, you have mastered this topic.

Source: official JAMB UTME Biology syllabus (IBASS, jamb.gov.ng). Reproduced for study use. Last checked: 17 Sept 2026. Always confirm the current syllabus on the official portal.