Cyber risks and protection and their characteristics.

Section: Computer Ethics and Human Issues TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES OBJECTIVES

What this topic covers

• - Network security
• - Internet security (cyber)
• - Application Security
• - Data security
• - Information security
• - End user security
• etc.
• viii. Identify appropriate security tool to use for the different types of computer security (Firewalls, antivirus software, encryption, etc.)
• ix. Identify categories of application threats and their characteristics (Input, authorisation, session management, parameter tampering,
• x. Identify basic dimensions of Information
• Security (Confidentiality, Integrity, and
• Availability (CIA))
• xi. Mention Network security Issues (unauthorised, intrusion, rules and configurations that protect confidentiality, integrity and accessibility using both software and hardware.)
• xii. Mention Network security methods (antivirus software, application security, behavioural analytics, data loss prevention, email security, firewalls, mobile device security, network segmentation, security and event management
• (SEIM), Virtual Private Network (VPN), Web security, wireless security, Network Access
• Control (NAC).
• xiii. List Types of cyber security threats (Cybercrime, cyber-attack, cyberterrorism, malware, virus, trojans, spyware,
• Ransomware, Adware, Botnets, SQL injection, Phishing, Man-in-the-middle attack,
• Denial of Service, Dridex, Romance scams,
• Emotet malware,
• xiv. List Cyber security safety tips
• - Regular update of software and operating systems
• - Use of anti-virus software
• - Use of strong passwords
• - Do not open email attachments from unknown senders
• - Do not click on links in emails from unknown senders or unfamiliar websites,
• Computer Studies
• TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES OBJECTIVES avoid use of unsecure WIFI networks in public places etc.

Source: official JAMB UTME Computer Studies syllabus (IBASS, jamb.gov.ng). Reproduced for study use. Last checked: 17 Sept 2026.