Geographic Information System (GIS): F i

Contents & notes: what this topic covers

Under Geographic Information System (GIS): F i, the JAMB Geography syllabus expects you to study:

• F. Geographic Information System (GIS): F i components, techniques, data i sources, applications i i v v II. PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY Cand A The earth as a planet A i i. The earth in the solar system, rotation and revolution;
• ii. The shape and size of the earth iii. Latitudes and distances, longitudes and time;
• B The Earth Crust B i i. The structure of the earth (internal and external) Relationships among the i four spheres.
• ii. Rocks: Types, characteristics, modes of i formation and uses iii. Earth’s movement: Tectonic forces i iv. Major Landforms: Mountains, Plateau, Plains, Coastal landforms, karst v topography and desert landforms v v

Study notes & guidance

Study Geographic Information System (GIS): F i using a recommended Geography textbook that follows the JAMB syllabus. Work through the contents listed above one by one, make brief notes in your own words, and then practise as many questions on this topic as you can — in Geography, understanding and steady practice matter far more than memorising. Use the objectives below as a checklist: if you can do each one confidently, you have mastered this topic.

Objectives — candidates should be able to

After studying Geographic Information System (GIS): F i, you should be able to:

1. Understand the basic concepts and components;
2. Express locations through the use of latitudes, longitudes, zipcodes etc;
3. Understand land surveying, remote sensing, map digitizing, map scanning as sources of data;
4. Explain areas of use: Defense, Agriculture, Rural Development etc;
5. Identify problems with GIS in Nigeria. idates should be able to:
6. Identify the relative positions of the planets in the solar system;
7. Understand the effects of the rotation and revolution of the earth;
8. Provide proof for the shape and size of the earth;
9. Differentiate between latitudes and longitudes;
10. Relate lines of latitude to calculation of distance;
11. Relate lines of longitude to calculation of time;
12. Compare the internal and external components of the earth;
13. Understand the existing relationship among atmosphere, biosphere and hydrosphere in terms of energy balance and water cycle;
14. Differentiate between major types of rocks and their characteristics;
15. Analyse the processes of rock formation and the resultant features;
16. Indicate the uses of rocks;
17. Differentiate between tensional and compressional forces and the resultant landforms;
18. Identify and describe the major landforms;

These objectives are from the official JAMB syllabus. Use them as a checklist — if you can do each one confidently, you have mastered this topic.

Source: official JAMB UTME Geography syllabus (IBASS, jamb.gov.ng). Reproduced for study use. Last checked: 17 Sept 2026. Always confirm the current syllabus on the official portal.