Non-harmonic tones / Non-chord tones;

Contents & notes: what this topic covers

Under Non-harmonic tones / Non-chord tones;, the JAMB Music syllabus expects you to study:

• 5. Non-harmonic tones / Non-chord tones;
• identification and application of the following:
• (a) neighbouring tones / auxiliary notes; and
• (b) passing tones / notes.

Study notes & guidance

Study Non-harmonic tones / Non-chord tones; using a recommended Music textbook that follows the JAMB syllabus. Work through the contents listed above one by one, make brief notes in your own words, and then practise as many questions on this topic as you can — in Music, understanding and steady practice matter far more than memorising. Use the objectives below as a checklist: if you can do each one confidently, you have mastered this topic.

Objectives — candidates should be able to

After studying Non-harmonic tones / Non-chord tones;, you should be able to:

1. Relate harmonic or non-harmonic tones to the chords with which they are associated.

These objectives are from the official JAMB syllabus. Use them as a checklist — if you can do each one confidently, you have mastered this topic.

Source: official JAMB UTME Music syllabus (IBASS, jamb.gov.ng). Reproduced for study use. Last checked: 17 Sept 2026. Always confirm the current syllabus on the official portal.